The Fort of Calmont d'Olt
Calmont d'Olt
Perched on a rocky outcrop, the Château Fort of Calmont d'Olt majestically dominates the town of Espalion, offering an unobstructed view of the Lot Valley, the Aubrac, and the Causses. An exceptional example of medieval military architecture, it perfectly illustrates the evolution of castles in response to technological advances and siege techniques.
The occupation of the site dates back over 5,000 years, as evidenced by flint shards and a polished stone axe found on site. From the 9th century, the cartulaire of Conques mentions the existence of a settlement, making Calmont d'Olt one of the oldest baronies in Rouergue. The line of the Counts of Calmont d'Olt ended in 1298 with Raymond de Calmont d'Olt, Bishop of Rodez and master builder of the cathedral of Rodez.
The construction of the present feudal castle began in the 11th century. During the Hundred Years' War, in the 15th century, a second enclosure flanked by eight open towers at the gorge was added, reinforcing the site's defense. The presence of moats and fortified gates accentuates the impregnable aspect of the medieval fortress. The addition of a drawbridge further enhanced the protection of the site. Afterward, Calmont d'Olt underwent only a few modifications, retaining its stronghold appearance. Abandoned in the 17th century by its owners in favor of more comfortable homes in the Lot Valley, it gradually fell into ruins.
In 1987, a history enthusiast purchased the castle and undertook archaeological excavations, stabilization work, and in-depth studies on life in a feudal castle. Today, Calmont d'Olt comes to life through immersive activities focusing on war and daily life in the Middle Ages, allowing visitors to explore the castle and immerse themselves in the heart of medieval history.
Immerse yourself in the heart of the Middle Ages at the Château de Calmont d'Olt!
This summer, come and live a unique experience at the Château de Calmont d'Olt with an exciting entertainment program for young and old! Every day, watch impressive demonstrations, participate in interactive workshops, and discover medieval history through guided tours and immersive shows.
Immerse yourself in the world of the Middle Ages and discover the secrets of the fortress while enjoying fun and educational moments for the whole family. Whether you are passionate about history or curious to discover the daily life of knights and lords, the Château de Calmont d'Olt promises unforgettable memories!
The Château de Calmont d'Olt, emblematic citadel of Rouergue, has a rich and eventful history, marked by the great periods of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.
From 883, it is mentioned for the first time under the name aice Calvomontensis, testifying to its strategic defensive role. In the 11th century, the seigneury of Calmont d'Olt developed, controlling the trade route Toulouse-Rodez-Lyon and collecting tolls on the Espalion bridge.
The castle plays a key role in medieval conflicts. During the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453), it came under English rule after the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360, before being taken over by Louis d'Anjou in 1369. Espalion and its castle are plundered and ransacked by the road hauliers and English troops. In 1455, the barony of Calmont d'Olt confirms the privileges of the inhabitants of Espalion, testifying to the political importance of the place.
In the 16th and 17th centuries, the castle was the scene of local tensions and power struggles. In 1595, it was sacked by the inhabitants of Espalion. In 1624, the Count of Apcher takes over before it is occupied by the Viscount of Arpajon in 1649. Gradually abandoned, it falls into ruin, as attested by several states of the place between 1627 and 1692.
In the 18th century, the castle was briefly used as a refuge for counterfeiters. In 1833, an engraving of Bichelois illustrates its state of abandonment and its agro-pastoral occupation. Today, these imposing ramparts testify to its prestigious and military past, offering visitors a fascinating journey through the medieval history of Rouergue. The ruins of the castle recall the times when this place was an impregnable fortress, and each stone tells the story of this monument classified among historical monuments.
Demystification: The "Dark Ages" of the Middle Ages were not so dark!
The mistaken idea that the Middle Ages were a period of "barbarism" and obscurantism, often referred to as the "Dark Ages," is profoundly incorrect. In reality, although this era was marked by wars and social upheaval, it also saw significant progress. For example, medieval medicine introduced innovations such as hospitals, basic surgeries, and the use of medicinal plants.
Moreover, the period was a time of intellectual development, with the creation of the first universities in Europe, advances in astronomy, and a flourishing literary and artistic production. Ancient knowledge was not lost, but preserved and passed on, especially by the monks who copied manuscripts.
The Middle Ages were far from being a time of darkness; instead, they were a bridge between antiquity and the Renaissance, with many achievements that had a lasting impact on the future.
An Immersive Animation Program
Every day, the Château de Calmont d'Olt immerses you in the heart of the Middle Ages with interactive animations and spectacular demonstrations. Whether you are passionate about history or simply curious, these highlights will make you discover life and medieval war techniques in a fun and immersive way.
From 10:30 am – Medieval weaponry and war machines
Discover the weapons and armour of the knights, then witness the spectacular shots from the pierrière and trebuchet. A guided tour will then immerse you in the history of one of the oldest fortifications of Rouergue.
15h00 – Everyday life in the Middle Ages
Fire, hygiene, costumes... This humorous and educational animation upsets the conventional ideas about medieval life.
4:30pm – Archery demonstration
Dive into the world of archery and discover the secrets of the bow and crossbow, two formidable weapons from the Hundred Years' War.
5:15 p.m. – Presentation of medieval artillery
Watch a fascinating demonstration on the evolution of siege weapons, between trebuchets and cannons. Who will inspire the most terror?
A Fun and Enriching Visit
In addition to entertainment, enjoy many free access activities:
Wooden games scattered along the course
Explanatory video tracing the history of the castle
Course of the knight in 14 stages with calligraphy diploma at the key
Interpretation route on the construction of the fortress
Permanent exhibition of furniture discovered during excavations
Exceptional panoramic view of Espalion, the Lot Valley and the Aubrac
100% Calmont gift shop!
Whether you are a history enthusiast or simply curious, the Château de Calmont d'Olt promises an unforgettable journey into the heart of the Middle Ages!
Route to the Château de Colmont d'Olt from the Presqu'île de Laussac
To get to the château de Colmont d'Olt from the Laussac peninsula, here is a suggested route:
From the peninsula of Laussac, head north-east towards the D920.
Follow the D920 towards Saint-Amans-des-Cots for about 10 kilometres.
In Saint-Amans-des-Cots, continue on the D920a towards Brommat.
After about 5 kilometres, turn right onto the D97 towards Colmont d'Olt.
The castle is about 3 kilometres away on this road.
The Castle of Calmont d'Olt, with its ramparts, imposing keep, robust walls and remains of the feudal castle, is one of the most beautiful examples of a fortress in Rouergue. By visiting this medieval citadel and its fortifications, you will dive into the medieval era and discover the importance of this fortified city, witness to centuries of history. The moat, the walls, the footpath and the impressive remains of its medieval fortress add to the authenticity and magic of this historic place. Do not miss the opportunity to compare the architecture of Calmont d'Olt with other famous fortresses such as Chinon, for an even more enriching insight into medieval architecture.
